Affärslivet AI Intelligence
AI, explained
Plain-English, source-cited answers to the questions everyone asks about AI. Each guide opens with a one-paragraph answer, then goes deep — how it works, why it matters, and where it breaks — with every claim traced to a primary source. Start with what an LLM is, or browse all 16 below.
16 explainers · every claim cited · pairs with our 100-term AI glossary · Updated 2026-07-30
What is an AI agent?
An AI agent is a software system that uses a large language model to pursue a goal with a degree of autonomy: it perceives its context, reasons about what to do, and acts by cal…
7 min · 5 sources
What is an AI hallucination?
An AI hallucination is when a generative AI model, such as a large language model, produces output that is plausible-sounding but factually wrong, unsupported, or entirely fabri…
6 min · 4 sources
What is AI inference?
AI inference is the process of running a trained AI model on new, real-world input to produce an output, a prediction, classification, or generated response. It is the "using" p…
6 min · 4 sources
What is artificial general intelligence (AGI)?
Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a hypothetical form of AI that can understand, learn, and perform any intellectual task a human can, flexibly across domains, rather tha…
7 min · 5 sources
What is deep learning?
Deep learning is a branch of machine learning that uses neural networks with many stacked layers, hence "deep", to learn patterns directly from raw data. Each successive layer t…
7 min · 5 sources
What is a diffusion model?
A diffusion model is a type of generative AI that creates images, video, or audio by learning to reverse a gradual noising process. During training it watches data being destroy…
7 min · 5 sources
What is fine-tuning?
Fine-tuning is the process of taking a pre-trained model and continuing to train it on a smaller, task-specific dataset so its weights adapt to a new problem, tone, or format. G…
5 min · 4 sources
What is a foundation model?
A foundation model is a large AI model trained on broad data at scale and adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks. The term was coined in 2021 by Stanford's Center for Res…
6 min · 4 sources
What is generative AI?
Generative AI is a class of artificial intelligence that creates new content—text, images, audio, video, or code—by learning patterns from large training datasets and producing …
5 min · 5 sources
What is a large language model (LLM)?
A large language model (LLM) is an artificial-intelligence system trained on massive amounts of text to predict the next unit of language and, through that, to generate and inte…
6 min · 5 sources
What is the Model Context Protocol (MCP)?
The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard, introduced by Anthropic in November 2024, for connecting AI applications and agents to external tools and data sources. It …
6 min · 5 sources
What is a neural network?
A neural network is a machine learning model made of layers of interconnected nodes, loosely inspired by the way biological neurons signal one another in the brain. Each connect…
7 min · 5 sources
What is prompt engineering?
Prompt engineering is the practice of designing, structuring, and refining the text instructions given to a large language model so that it produces the most accurate, relevant,…
6 min · 4 sources
What is retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)?
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique that connects a large language model to an external knowledge source so it retrieves relevant documents at query time and use…
5 min · 4 sources
What is a token in AI, and what is tokenization?
A token is the basic unit of text a language model reads and generates, a chunk that may be a whole word, a piece of a word, a single character, or a punctuation mark. Models do…
7 min · 5 sources
What is a transformer in AI?
A transformer is a neural-network architecture that processes an entire sequence of data at once and learns how each element relates to every other element through a mechanism c…
6 min · 4 sources